Essay Anthropology Midterm - 2029 Words

Anthropology 250 March 13, 2012 Midterm Section 1: Short Answer 2. List and briefly explain the three goals of archaeology. How do they apply and differ from the earlier paradigms of archaeology? * The three goals of archaeology are the study of culture history, reconstruct past life ways, and understand cultural processes. The study of culture history is to piece together the history of how culture changes over time. To reconstruct past life ways is a complex process that involves a good deal of analysis which is to figure out as much you can about the people who lived at a particular site or civilization. To understand cultural processes entails trying to figure out how and why material culture has changed which happens in†¦show more content†¦I do not want to be naà ¯ve because I do believe there are things about there we still have not come across or animals that we believe are extinct, but these things are just open interpretations with no valid proof. The show Ancient Aliens does tend to trick me sometimes; especially, with a par t referenced from the bible about the creation of mankind. The genesis verse line 26 states, â€Å"Then God said, â€Å"Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.† Totally blew my mind and had me really think about this theory because when you think about what do you mean by let us and our image is their another world out there, is there more than one God? It really had at a pensive state. A conspiracy theory would be the saying, â€Å"we never landed on the moon† because there should be only one light source on the pictures and there seems to be more than one light source. Also, the picture of the American flag seems to be waving when the moon is airless. 15. Please discuss three ways to determine the age/sex of a skeleton in some detail (attached in the back). Section 2: 1. Stratigraphic Profile (attached in the back). 2. Answer the questions listed under the mask. a.Show MoreRelatedScience Majored Students Life At Queens College885 Words   |  4 PagesScience Majored Students’ Life at Queens College Anthropology is a combination of the words â€Å"Anthropos† and â€Å"Logos†. It simply means the study of human. Since the human beings have both biological and cultural characteristics, anthropology extensively studies including both aspects. However, culture is the most important thing in anthropology. The culture of a particular organization, group, or country consists of the habits of the people in it and the way they generally behave. 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Advertisement in Kazakhstan - 4800 Words

Status and prospects of development of advertisement in the Republic of Kazakhstan 1.2 Specificity and structure of the advertising market in Kazakhstan Advertising is an important part of marketing communications and serves as a tool to create an external competitive advantage. It is impossible to imagine the work of the modern enterprise without advertising. The company must declare its existence on the market about its product and attract potential customers and create an image of a reliable partner. And if the companies did not have to think much about selling products, government was engaged in that, now in the marketplace every company is at its own risk and have to decide what it will produce and how to sell, which would also†¦show more content†¦Advertise - to attract attention to goods, services of a particular manufacturer, trader, broker and distributor at their expense and under their brand offers, appeals, advice, and recommendations to purchase the goods or services. Consequently, the subject of advertising - that is what is touted as a means of disseminating advertisements - information channel on which the advertising message reaches consumers. The system of marketing communications is a single complex, which includes members of advertising channels and methods of communication, aimed at establishing and maintaining planned by the organization of relationships with recipients in achieving their marketing goals. Advertising is only part of the promotion of goods, in which a firm can carry out contacts with the customer through the sales force (direct sales), publicity or public relations, and use different techniques to stimulate sales. But there is a direct marketing, which includes direct mail, telemarketing, advertising, direct response on TV, radio and other media. This type of marketing communication is used when the advertising message is aimed at causing a retaliatory action. 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Narcissism Essay Thesis Example For Students

Narcissism Essay Thesis In the analysis of an individual there are three primary methods employed in order to successfully assess and repair his condition- biological, cognitive, and psychoanalytic theory. In the case of narcissism, only the psychoanalytic approach will suffice to structurally repair rather than suppress manifest symptoms of the unfulfilled self. Narcissists must learn to address the needs of their childhood that have not have been satisfied and acknowledge them as the root of their grandiose actions, a facade for their inner sense of shame and insecurity (Kohut, 1978, p. 423). In the case of Mr. Z, he underwent two analyses with a five-year grace period in between, the first analysis unsuccessful in structurally curing his masochistic propensities as they merely shifted to another facet of his life (Kohut, 1979, p.10). This lack of structural change went unnoticed during the first analysis, and was only revealed through examination of the patients root of disturbance during the second anal ysis. The agent that assisted the discovery was the change in approach by the analyst within the realm of psychoanalysis, that is the shift from a focus in analysis based upon classical-dynamic structural terms to that of the psychology of the self in the narrow sense. (Kohut, 1979, p. 26). Through observation of symptoms and examination of life occurrences, it is clear that Mr. Z exhibits the characteristics of narcissism. He has a mother that relied upon him as her self-object throughout his childhood and into his early adult years. This provided conflict in that Mr. Z needed his mother as his own self-object, and due to her selfish role-reversal, he did not receive the mirroring necessary to develop a healthy, strong self-structure. Self-objects mirror an individual, confirming ones inner sense of greatness and perfection, provide a figure for idealization, and relate a twinship for one to identify interests and talents with, also known as an alterego (Kohut, 1978, p. 414). Mr. Zs mother played all of these roles in his life because his father left when Mr. Z was young. One found him absent of a man with whom he could idealize and identify; hence he was incapable of asserting his masculinity. Mr. Zs mother was of a pathological state and intermeshed her disturbance w ithin the relationship with her son (Kohut, 1979, p. 13). Faulty interaction between the child and his self-objects result in a damaged self. (Kohut, 1978, p. 414) This abused child developed a perspective that conformed to that of his unstable self-object, rather than creating an independent center of initiative. This led to number of narcissistic preoccupations including a focus upon his productions, masochistic fantasies, defensiveness and denial, and an arrogance of demandingness (Kohut, 1979, p. 14). The ultimate comprehension of the disturbances of Mr. Z can be attributed to the analysts realization of the true foundations of the patients symptoms. Once this realization occurred, his perspective changed in that he was able to perceive the significance of unmet essential needs as the reason for disturbances. In addition, he acknowledged that Mr. Zs self-structure could only be repaired through time and by a more patient and understanding demeanor on behalf of the analyst (Kohut, 1979, p.12). In the first analysis, the analyst merely tolerated Mr. Zs defensive behavior and progressively sought to oppose it, however in the second he perceived it as a transference of childhood feelings that resurfaced in therapy (Kohut, 1979, p. 12). Mr. Z had unintentionally witnessed sex between his parents at an early age and associated it with aggressiveness as his memories sequenced it following verbal battles between them. Defenses accompanying this obviously disturbing encounter include acts of grandiosity and overconfidence due to a supposed illusionistic oedipal victory (Kohut, 1979, p 26). Mr. Z was convinced that he had won because the father left; his success had achieved the power of sole possessor of his mother. However, the removal of his father soon led to Mr. Zs mother engaging in extramarital affairs. Due to the nature of the boys position as her sole male possessor, these other men introduced a threat to his security; therefore, the therapist saw the patients defensiveness as a mechanism that shielded him against these rivals. Where the analyst went too far, discovered in the second analysis, was his assertion that the mechanism was being used against sexual rivals again in the oedipal sense, and additionally against fear of castration brought upon by awareness of his own competitive feelings towards the rivals, including his father (Kohut, 1979, p. 6). The castration anxiety, however, was no longer an oedipal victory but a defeat, for Mr. Z did not remain h is mothers sole possessor; hence his anxiety was accompanied by depression. WW IJuly28,1914, declarationofwar Austria-Hungary EssayTransference naturally followed in the patients effort to recover self-objects. Unfortunately, they went unnoticed during the first analysis due to the classical methods employed by the analyst. He saw material in terms of infantile drives and conflicts about them rather than the absence of self-objects, primarily a father figure. Idealization followed by twinship attempts arose as a result of a boy absent of an alterego self-object-namely his father. Once he began to solve the mystery of this man, through interaction with him and observation of him, he was able to see a strong individual. His father was independent and capable of existence without the mother (Kohut, 1979, p. 21). This realization ultimately enabled Mr. Z to begin to stand on his own and develop a strong sense of self. Psychologists tend to focus on one area of psychological diagnosis, such as psychoanalysis, and throughout the development of the patient-analys t relationship, one becomes able to find the root of existing problems. Whether a child or adult is in a state of security, anxiety, or distress is determined in large part by the accessibility and responsiveness of his principal attachment figure. (Bowlby, 1973, p. 43) Initially the analyst possessed an insensitive notion that the patient merely needed to grow-up and relinquish his narcissistic demands being that he possessed an independent center of initiative (Kohut, 1979, p. 12). Once it was acknowledged that Mr. Z was without this important facet of self-structure, the analyst was able to work through issues in order to abet the repair of Mr. Zs narcissistic self. The employment of the psychology of the self in the second analysis led to a focus upon the importance of the self and to relations with others in the environment (Luti, personal communication). All in all, this allowed Mr. Z to discover the reason for his disturbance and learn to lead a happy and healthy life. BibliographyBibliographyBowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and Loss: Separation. Vol. 2, reprinted, London: Pimlico, 1998. p. 43Kohut, H. (1978). The Disorders of the Self and Their Treatment. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, vol. 59, p. 413-425 Kohut, H. (1979). The Two Analyses of Mr. Z. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, vol. 60, p. 3-27McWilliams, Nancy. (1994). Psychoanalytic Diagnosis. New York, Guilford Press, p. 174Psychology Essays