Facts About Eohippus

Facts About Eohippus In paleontology, correctly naming a new genus of extinct animal can often be a long, tortured affair. Eohippus, aka Hyracotherium, is a good case study: this prehistoric horse was first described by the famous 19th-century paleontologist Richard Owen, who mistook it for an ancestor of the hyrax (hence the name he bestowed on it in 1876, Greek for hyrax-like mammal). A few decades later, another eminent paleontologist, Othniel C. Marsh, gave a similar skeleton discovered in North America the more memorable name Eohippus (dawn horse). Since for a long time Hyracotherium and Eohippus were considered to be identical, the rules of paleontology dictated that we call this mammal by its original name, the one bestowed by Owen. Never mind that Eohippus was the name used in countless encyclopedias, childrens books, and TV shows. Now, the weight of opinion is that Hyracotherium and Eohippus were closely related, but not quite identical, the result is that its once again kosher to refer to the American specimen, at least, as Eohippus. Amusingly, the late evolutionary scientist Stephen Jay Gould railed against the depiction of Eohippus in the popular media as a fox-sized mammal, when in fact it was the size of a deer. An Ancestor of Modern Horses Theres a similar amount of confusion about whether Eohippus and/or Hyracotherium actually deserve to be called the first horse. When you go back in the fossil record 50 million years or so, it can be difficult, verging on impossible, to identify the ancestral forms of any given extant species. Today, most paleontologists classify Hyracotherium as a palaeothere, that is, a perissodactyl (odd-toed ungulate) ancestral to both horses and the giant plant-eating mammals known as brontotheres (typified by Brontotherium, the thunder beast). Its close cousin Eohippus, on the other hand, seems to deserve a place more firmly in the equid than the palaeothere family tree, though of course, this is still up for debate! Whatever you choose to call it, Eohippus was clearly at least partly ancestral to all modern-day horses, as well as to the numerous species of prehistoric horse (like Epihippus and Merychippus) that roamed the North American and Eurasian plains of the Tertiary and Quaternary periods. As with many such evolutionary precursors, Eohippus didnt look much like a horse, with its slender, deerlike, 50-pound body and three- and four-toed feet; also, to judge by the shape of its teeth, Eohippus munched on low-lying leaves rather than grass. (In the early Eocene epoch, when Eohippus lived, grasses had yet to spread across the North American plains, which spurred the evolution of grass-eating equids.) Facts About Eohippus Eohippus (Greek for dawn horse), pronounced EE-oh-HIP-us; also known as Hyracotherium (Greek for hyrax-like beast), pronounced HIGH-rack-oh-THEE-ree-um Habitat: Woodlands of North America and Western Europe Historical Epoch: Early-Middle Eocene (55-45 million years ago) Size and Weight: About two feet high and 50 pounds Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Small size; four-toed front and three-toed back feet

Challenges Faced by Immigrants

Challenges faced by immigrants Thousands of families have left home due to the changing environment of all ages. Regardless of whether you are forced to make such a decision or not, all immigrants must bear the physical and psychological challenges encountered in the process. Talking about the experiences of all these different people using the same idea and example would be very inaccurate. However, they all have to experience similar circumstances and deal with similar problems. One of the first challenges faced by immigrants is the cost of immigration. Because many immigrants are looking for a better economic situation in a new country, the cost of emigration can be enormous for them. It is not unusual for immigrants to liquidate their assets (which can cause a lot of losses), and that move can afford. Furthermore, during immigration control, many people do not have a job, so they have to find a job after they settle down. Most of the issues related to immigration are related to t he absorption of life in the recipient country. Many immigrants receive low-wage jobs until they adapt to society, get houses, and receive education. Immigrants must learn a new way of life and be acquainted with the language and laws of the recipient country. Many immigrants leave their country to escape persecution, but host countries may face discrimination and even racial discrimination. As the number of immigrants increases, many countries face the challenge of building citizens' identity and accepting immigrants. In some countries, we are making comprehensive efforts to raise immigrants' sense of belonging to host countries. For example, Canada has the highest permanent residency in the world. The Canadian government encourages immigrants to develop a sense of belonging to Canada and promotes the concept of more comprehensive national identity, including those born in Canada and immigrants. In some countries it is not very comprehensive. For example, Russia experienced two maj or immigrants, the 1990s and 1998 and beyond. Immigrants are deemed negative by Russian citizens and are considered unwelcome and insulting customers. Immigrants are considered outsiders and are excluded from sharing the identity of the citizens of Russia. Challenges Faced by Immigrants Challenges faced by immigrants Thousands of families have left home due to the changing environment of all ages. Regardless of whether you are forced to make such a decision or not, all immigrants must bear the physical and psychological challenges encountered in the process. Talking about the experiences of all these different people using the same idea and example would be very inaccurate. However, they all have to experience similar circumstances and deal with similar problems. One of the first challenges faced by immigrants is the cost of immigration. Because many immigrants are looking for a better economic situation in a new country, the cost of emigration can be enormous for them. It is not unusual for immigrants to liquidate their assets (which can cause a lot of losses), and that move can afford. Furthermore, during immigration control, many people do not have a job, so they have to find a job after they settle down. Most of the issues related to immigration are related to t he absorption of life in the recipient country. Many immigrants receive low-wage jobs until they adapt to society, get houses, and receive education. Immigrants must learn a new way of life and be acquainted with the language and laws of the recipient country. Many immigrants leave their country to escape persecution, but host countries may face discrimination and even racial discrimination. As the number of immigrants increases, many countries face the challenge of building citizens' identity and accepting immigrants. In some countries, we are making comprehensive efforts to raise immigrants' sense of belonging to host countries. For example, Canada has the highest permanent residency in the world. The Canadian government encourages immigrants to develop a sense of belonging to Canada and promotes the concept of more comprehensive national identity, including those born in Canada and immigrants. In some countries it is not very comprehensive. For example, Russia experienced two maj or immigrants, the 1990s and 1998 and beyond. Immigrants are deemed negative by Russian citizens and are considered unwelcome and insulting customers. Immigrants are considered outsiders and are excluded from sharing the identity of the citizens of Russia. Challenges Faced by Immigrants Challenges faced by immigrants Thousands of families have left home due to the changing environment of all ages. Regardless of whether you are forced to make such a decision or not, all immigrants must bear the physical and psychological challenges encountered in the process. Talking about the experiences of all these different people using the same idea and example would be very inaccurate. However, they all have to experience similar circumstances and deal with similar problems. One of the first challenges faced by immigrants is the cost of immigration. Because many immigrants are looking for a better economic situation in a new country, the cost of emigration can be enormous for them. It is not unusual for immigrants to liquidate their assets (which can cause a lot of losses), and that move can afford. Furthermore, during immigration control, many people do not have a job, so they have to find a job after they settle down. Most of the issues related to immigration are related to t he absorption of life in the recipient country. Many immigrants receive low-wage jobs until they adapt to society, get houses, and receive education. Immigrants must learn a new way of life and be acquainted with the language and laws of the recipient country. Many immigrants leave their country to escape persecution, but host countries may face discrimination and even racial discrimination. As the number of immigrants increases, many countries face the challenge of building citizens' identity and accepting immigrants. In some countries, we are making comprehensive efforts to raise immigrants' sense of belonging to host countries. For example, Canada has the highest permanent residency in the world. The Canadian government encourages immigrants to develop a sense of belonging to Canada and promotes the concept of more comprehensive national identity, including those born in Canada and immigrants. In some countries it is not very comprehensive. For example, Russia experienced two maj or immigrants, the 1990s and 1998 and beyond. Immigrants are deemed negative by Russian citizens and are considered unwelcome and insulting customers. Immigrants are considered outsiders and are excluded from sharing the identity of the citizens of Russia.

Strategic Management and International Business at Starbucks Case Study - 46

Strategic Management and International Business at Starbucks - Case Study Example Starbucks should create winning strategies by coming up with a cohesive, energized and happy team, which will create a strong bond with the customers and ensure growth (Enz, 2010; Godin, 2006). It is undoubtedly that corporate success is not a guarantee and the probability of a firm having a long-term success heightens when strategic leaders continue to evaluate the appropriateness of the strategies developed as well as actions that are taken in an effort to implement them. It is obvious that the McDonald’s is a major competitive threat since its coffee drinks are meant to create value to the consumers by giving them high-quality experience at a lower price than that of Starbucks. Therefore, one of the ways in which Starbucks can ensure a competitive advantage is by developing a sound mechanism by which it can combine authority, relative value, and quality. It should have an ideal pricing strategy whereby consumers feel that they are getting a great deal for their money. It also needs to maintain strict and solid quality controls with regard to its coffee sourcing. Starbucks should also spend more time differentiating from its rivals and be up to date with the latest technology to outwit its competitors. It should also continue positioning itself as an authoritative figure, allowing premium prices where necessary. It should aim at improving on its brand and reputation by carrying out a survey on what the customers think of the corporation and ways it can improve (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2010). The decision to fire Donald was appropriate considering that Starbucks was performing poorly against the Nasdaq index for the quarterly financials that preceded his ouster. During his reign, the coffee stock plummeted by 50%; hence, needed a leader who can drive changes such as encouraging international expansion and streamlining the management of the firm.  

Design and Build of Movable Chair For Handicapped Hunters Assignment - 2

Design and Build of Movable Chair For Handicapped Hunters - Assignment Example Odland and Schafer modeled the joystick control which moves the gun or bows up and down or side to side after the joystick found on modern wheelchairs. There is a tiny camera mounted behind the scope of the gun which projects the image of crosshairs and the target onto a video monitor the hunters can easily view from their wheelchairs† (Yankovich, 2010, par. 6). The author is actually an entrepreneur who owns a jewelry shop in Lowell, Michigan. He had first-hand access to the information knowing Pete Odland personally from their common demographic location. The article provided relevant information as a unique and useful design to assist handicapped hunters in regaining mobility to enjoy what they love most. The innovative design was able to help hunters regain â€Å"the freedom for physically challenged people to â€Å"do it themselves†. The very design puts control back into the hands of those who feel they have lost any vestige of control over their lives† (Yankovich, 2010, par. 14). The article provided information on the quad chair designed by Steve Peeples initially for Aaron McMikelk, a handicapped hunter who lost the use of his legs due to viral infection. As indicated by the author, â€Å"Peeples purchased a used wheelchair, removed all the parts, such as brakes and wheels, and mounted the apparatus on the front of his quad runner. His hope was that his "Quad Chair" would open a whole new opportunity for people with limitations† (Ottesen, 2009, par. 13). The innovative way to mount a disabled chair to a vehicle enabled ex-Marine McMikelk to enjoy hunting despite immobility. The author is an outdoor columnist who is on the lookout for stories that would inspire readers to enjoy outdoor activities. As indicated, â€Å"with less than $200 needed to outfit his quad, Peeples hopes his idea will catch on around the country with veterans and handicapped shooters,  and those fewer mobiles† (Ottesen, 2009, par. 17).

The Uniqueness Of The American Constitution Essay example -- essays re

The Uniqueness of the American Constitution We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. This document, written more than 200 years ago is still the backbone that allows America to be an example of freedom and righteousness to the rest of the world.   Unlike any other government doctrine, the Constitution has remained an active governing force through the changes of American society.   It allows its citizens the basic freedom of human beings and does not infringe on one's individuality.   In its uniqueness, the Constitution not only gives freedom but also protects its people economically, religiously, politically, and socially. Power is a delicate element and the Constitution is careful in defining where certain powers lie.   One of the novelties about this doctrine is that it does a clever job of dividing certain powers between the state and federal governments.   Monetary units, for example, are issued exclusively by the federal government.   This is not only more convenient for traveling purposes, but also allows for a more 'united' spirit.   People in California can easily view a commercial for a product affiliated with New York without having to translate the cost or watch the television screen ...

How Does Recycling Effect the Environment Essay

Why Is Recycling Important, you may ask. Recycling is reusing materials in original or changed forms rather than discarding them as wastes. In reusing material or changing material into new materials rather than throwing it away the environment as well as we benefit from it. The process of recycling protects the environment. With the world witnessing a global environmental decline, this is considered as one of the most important benefits of recycling. As we, all know that paper is manufactured from trees. As the demand for paper increases, a number of trees are being cut to produce paper. By recycling paper, we can prevent the destruction of forests. Today, a number of forests are being destroyed to meet the ever-increasing demand of paper. Recycling a ton of mixed paper or newspaper is equivalent to saving 12 trees. Given that the trees keep the surrounding environment clean by sucking up carbon dioxide from the air we breathe, it would be wise to use recycled paper as much as possible. Most people would agree that recycling not only affects the environment but it also makes the world a better place for plants and animals. For example, recycling paper products can in the end, preserve a large number of trees that otherwise be used to make new paper. This is one way that recycling directly affects the environment. Trees provide homes for birds and other animals, they provide shade for what would otherwise be a hot and dry land, and they are crucial to the oxygen/carbon dioxide balance in our atmosphere. Recycling can definitely have a positive effect on our world. Paper is not the only item that should be recycled. Glass bottles and plastic containers have become a problem for cities and private companies who operate landfills. The sheer numbers of containers thrown away take up a lot of landfill space, which puts companies and municipalities in the position of having to take up more land for another landfill area. Several decades ago, activists who demonstrated against large companies and their waste products used the phrase, â€Å"There is no away!† What this meant was that we could not really get rid of anything. We can only change its shape and form. Recycling is a way to make this change so that it clutters and pollutes less. Recycling also takes used materials from â€Å"trash† to usable products if handled properly. Scientists and social activists have also pointed out that making new products from recycled materials means less manufacturing. With the correct methods, we can have a comfortable, convenient life without the pollution and massive use of natural resources that manufacturing brings. Reducing the number of landfills might mean a healthier food chain for both humans and animals. When we place materials in landfills and they do not break down over time, we are creating a potentially dangerous situation. The chemicals used in manufacturing many modern-day products can filter into the soil, pollution the water and any plants that grow on or near that area. This is especially true with computer parts, batteries and other items that contain certain chemicals. Recycling used products is one of the best ways to save the environment. It is important to recycle, to avoid environmental harm. Used plastic bottles, glass, and newspapers can be effectively recycled to make useful items. In the long stretch of time, recycling affects the planet positively because we will use less of our natural resources – trees, water, minerals etc. When it comes to the environment, using less means we have more.

Essay on Garber on Descartes - 860 Words

Alex Burke 2/13/13 Modern Phil. MW 2pm Garber on Descartes: Rejection and Retention In Daniel Garber’s article, â€Å"Descartes against his teachers: The Refutation of Hylomorphism†, the metaphysics of the early scholastics is presented to show the similarities and differences between what Descartes was taught through scholasticism and what he came to refute. Through analysis of the article I will present what Descartes considered to be the central ideas of scholastic metaphysics, as well as show what he chose reject from that doctrine, why he chose to reject it, and what he chose to retain, in the development of Cartesian metaphysics. The central ideas of the scholastic metaphysics stemmed from Aristotle’s Hylomorphic doctrine,†¦show more content†¦Together these arguments, for the most part, reject the scholastic doctrine. Descartes stands firm in his believe of a mechanistic world, in light of the scientific revolution, deeming the scholastic doctrine, in short, lacking in explanation , obscure, and essentially useless. The first, â€Å"the argument from parsimony†, is a rejection of the scholastics idea of both form and quality under the premise that â€Å"such entities are not needed for explanation†. Descartes felt that he was â€Å"content to conceive here [only] the motion of parts† (107). With the concept of substantial form, it was as if they were imposing â€Å"mind-like forms, tiny souls onto the physical world† (107). The second, â€Å"the argument from obscurity†, rejects the particular scholastic idea of â€Å"real qualities†, finding the idea to be obscure and lacking in explanation. The term â€Å"real quality† is one Descartes would consider a â€Å"common sense attribute†, meaning that they have no other bearing other than being an idea pulled from the senses. As Descartes put it, â€Å"these qualities appear to be in need of explanation† (107). Lastly, in what Garber refers to a s â€Å"the argument from sterility†, Descartes deems the scholastic doctrine to be â€Å"useless†, claiming that â€Å"no one has ever made any good use of primary matter, substantial forms, occult qualities and the like† (108). Garber continues to show that Descartes viewed the scholastic doctrine as nothing more thanShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Rene’ Descartes: His Works and His Beliefs in God1578 Words   |  7 PagesWas Rene’ Descartes just a visionary of truth, mathematical equations or was he truly a man that knew he was born to tell the world about life, knowledge, and how it all came together metaphorically? Please see the research on Rene’ Descartes cited accomplishments. Descartes was known as the first modern philosopher. Famous for making a connection between geometry and algebra, which allowed for solving of geometrical problem by way of algebraic equations, which promoted a new conception of matterRead More Cartesian Dualism and the Union of Mind and Body Essay3103 Words   |  13 Pagesmaintain that Descartes was first a dualist (in the Meditations) and later on developed his stance on the union of mind and body (Passions). Some authors find here a problem without solution. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, some interpretations have been developed intending to give a positive solution to the difficult relation between Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body. The problem that I find in most of them is that they try to show no incoherence between Descartes dualism andRead More Philosophy in Mathematics Essay3045 Words   |  13 Pagestechnology. Rene Descartes (1596-1650), G. W. Leibniz (1646-1716), and Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) (Ebersole, S. (#5)) are the three philosophers. Though all three of these philosophers contributed their own reviews on the subject of mathematical philosophy, they all saw the world and thus it‘s mechanical contributions â€Å"as being controlled by mathematical principles.† (Ebersole, S.). Rene Descartes was born, March 31, 1596 near Tours, France (Weisstein, E.), to an important family; Descartes’ father heldRead MoreDomestic Violence: Perpetrator Intervention 1786 Words   |  8 Pagesimage? Based on â€Å"others† perception we begin to develop, and believe (internalize) what we are (Research Education Association, 2005). Rene Descartes, a philosopher of the 1700’s, introduced the idea that beliefs through our senses can be simply wrong; to know something with certainty we must begin to doubt what our senses would have us originally believe (Garber, 2003). All three of the theories mentioned directly above may not only hold true regarding victims of domestic violence, but also to theRead MoreEssay about Probabilist - Deductive Inference in Gassendis Logic3546 Words   |  15 Pageshistorical remarks on the Baconian conception of probability, Journal of the History of Ideas 41 (1980): 219-31. Garber, Daniel and Sandy Zabell. On the Emergence of Probability, in Archive for the History of Exact Sciences 21 (1979): 33-53. Garber, Daniel. Descartes and Experiment in the Discourse and Essays, in Stephen Voss, Essays on the Philosophy and Science of Rene Descartes. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Gassendi, Pierre. Institutio Logica, 1658. Hacking, Ian